Host-Microbe Systems

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Rebecca Stumpf: What makes us human

What is the relationship between humans and the microbial populations that live inside of us? Many of these microbes exist as commensals that live in association with the host without causing disease. Indeed, the relationship is often mutually beneficial. Yet the interactions between a host and its microbiota in the presence of a host immune response can greatly affect human health. The study of microbial diseases has focused traditionally on single, clearly defined interactions between the host and frank pathogens. But this approach discounts the complexity of the interactions, as the normal microbiota is a key player in this system.